Research suggests that the rise in the availability and accessibility of opportunities to gamble is associated with increased levels of gambling-related problems, although the impact is moderated by other factors Reith As well as an increase in the type and availability of gambling products, there has been an increase in the frequency of gambling advertisements. Given the popularity of sports betting, as well as the large audiences attracted to live sporting events, the broadcast of wagering advertisements appears to have become widespread, especially during televised sporting events Columb et al.

For example, during the FIFA soccer World Cup, betting advertisements were the most prevalent type of advertisements shown, totaling almost 90 min of screen time during the tournament Duncan et al. Therefore, the impact of gambling advertisements, particularly those shown during sporting events, is being increasingly recognized as an important area for research, with the aim of minimizing gambling-related harm.

Previous research has reported that viewing sports betting advertising is associated with an increased desire to gamble among low-risk, moderate, and problem gamblers Hing et al. Qualitative studies have reported an association between sports betting advertising and sports betting—related attitudes. Sports betting advertising seemingly influences gambling attitudes by normalizing sports betting perceptions held by adults Deans et al.

Additionally, it has been argued that sports betting advertising prematurely exposes young people to advertising Djohari et al. Other research has reported that both treatment-seeking sports bettors and general population sports bettors were encouraged to spend more due to advertising, particularly in response to free bet and deposit offers Hing et al. By offering the facility for sports bettors to customize their own bets, Lopez-Gonzalez et al.

However, CSB use was found to be positively correlated with problem gambling severity, gambling harms, and gambling consumption. To date, the majority of research investigating the impact of gambling advertising has been carried out in Australia e.

While there is increasing research examining the content of such advertising, there is little research examining what gamblers themselves think about such advertising, particularly outside of Australia. Further information about how sports betting marketing strategies influence gambling behaviors is required in order to inform suitable policy and regulatory responses to prevent gambling-related harm in the UK.

Given the high volume of gambling advertisements displayed during live sporting events, including shirt-sponsorship and pitch-side hoarding and advertisements for in-play betting odds, the present study sought the opinion of in-play sports bettors. Methods Procedure Data were collected between August and January Participants were interviewed face-to-face at a location of their choice and four interviews were conducted by telephone.

To be eligible to participate in the study, individuals were required to have placed at least one in-play sports bet online within 6 months prior to the interview taking place. The reason for this was to ensure that participants were more likely to have been exposed to different forms of gambling advertising and new betting innovations, particularly sponsorship and in-play based betting promotions. Interviews were semi-structured and varied in length between 25 min and 1 h, with an average of 38 min.

All interviews were recorded using a digital voice recorder, with informed consent from participants. Participants were asked questions about the self-perceived impact of advertising and gambling promotions on their gambling behavior full interview schedule available on request to the first author. This self-assessment of gambling behavior and consequences in the previous 12 months resulted in participants being categorized into one of the following groups based on PGSI score: non-problem gambler scoring 0 , low-risk gambler scoring 1—2 , moderate-risk gambler 3—7 , or problem gambling 8 or more.

The PGSI was used because it was specifically designed for the general population and has been found to be valid in assessing problem gambling severity in a non-clinical context Holtgraves However, the PGSI groupings must be treated with some caution as they cannot be seen to sufficiently explain broader gambling behaviors for the participants.

In total, 17 of the participants were male. Four were no-risk gamblers, seven were low-risk gamblers, seven were moderate-risk gamblers, and one was a problem gambler. Nobody was offered compensation for participation. A thematic analysis approach was used Braun and Clarke which involved examining the data to identify the common themes, topics, ideas, and patterns of meaning that come up recurrently.

This method was chosen because it was thought as being best able to describe the experiences of the participants. The rationale behind the choice of using this specific analytic technique was that it would suit the exploratory nature of the study. The main steps were as follows: i familiarizing the data, ii generating initial codes, iii searching for themes, iv reviewing themes, v defining and naming themes, and vi producing the report.

An inductive thematic analysis procedure was adopted, whereby transcripts were read, re-read, and coded line-by-line. Ideas which reappeared across multiple interviews or which represented an important idea related to the research aims were identified as categories.

As each new category was identified, previous transcripts were re-read for relevant material. The research team met regularly to discuss the emergence of major themes. New prompts and areas for investigation were included in the interview schedule as they emerged. We refined themes and discussed any differences in interpretation until agreement was reached by the authors.

Results Based on the analysis, the themes that emerged were categorized under the broad concepts of i temptation to gamble, ii promotion characteristics of gambling, and iii regulating gambling advertising.

Each concept had sub-themes see Table 2. Table 2 List of themes and sub-themes Full size table Theme 1: Temptation to Gamble The two sub-themes for temptation to gamble were i enticement and ii unavoidable. Enticement This first sub-theme of temptation concerned how advertisements encouraged feelings of being attracted to sports betting.

In some cases, this influenced participants enough to place a bet. The frequency and unavoidability of advertisements were viewed negatively by some sports bettors. Like, you get bombarded by it. It was noted that the volume of advertising was higher during football matches in comparison with other sporting events.

At half-time, before the second half. Football is the main one I watch, so I see that one the most. In addition to being often shown during football matches, one participant described how sports betting television advertisements were often aligned with nationally popular events, such as large football tournaments and the Grand National horse racing: What you tend to see is, around main events, like the Grand National, stuff like that.

You get a lot more stuff on TV Participant Although most of the interviews centered around television advertisements, another form of advertising which some participants discussed was advertising on social media. For example: Promotions are all over my social media.

Another participant discussed the intrusiveness of gambling advertising on social media: I do see Facebook have the new adverts that they put in the middle of videos and I often see William Hill. It's a halfway through, you're watching a video of whatever it is, is the, uh, 10, 15 seconds it pops up and yeah, it's annoying and a bit intrusive.

I wish it wasn't there Participant Theme 2: Promotion Characteristics of Gambling The three sub-themes concerning promotion characteristics of gambling were i attractive odds, ii brand awareness, and iii normalization of betting. The promotion of betting odds prior to commencement and during half-time breaks of live sporting events was discussed.

Monetary incentives provided by sporting betting companies are often promoted through various media sources. Participant perceptions of these promotions varied, but promotions which appeared to particularly appeal to sports bettors were new customer welcome offers, enhanced odds where a bookmaker boosts the usual betting odds of a selection , and customized sports bets. Some participants described how these promotions decreased their feelings of risk in terms of financial loss.

Additionally, promotions created the perceptions that the individual had more control over the outcomes and therefore more likely to win. Because you can completely control everything. Participants described their temptation to gamble, through what appears to be a process of decision-making. This tempting element of promotions from gambling advertisements caused participants a dilemma of whether or not to place a bet. Those price boosts. You may not have been thinking about betting.

Participants also discussed how the availability and visibility of these adverts attracted them to place a bet. So to have that I know it's probably, it's probably incorrect, not incorrect…false…false advertising almost. Do they actually increase the odds? When discussing gambling advertisements, some sports bettors described a number of characteristics and promotional strategies that were used by sports betting operators to attract them to place bets. For example: Most of them that are on TV are usually adverts about new customer offers.

Participants described how brands were associated with specific advertising strategies, and described how these strategies distinguished brands from one another. Advertisements for sports betting were found to be memorable and resulted in an increased awareness of gambling products.

Participants described marketing strategies associated with particular brands. These included memorable features that allowed them to recall details of the advertisements, including description of specific characters, betting markets, and promotions that were being implemented.

You know, that one sticks in my mind Participant One participant described how they had more trust in a betting product because it used a sports figure that they admired. Some brands created positive feelings and were perceived by bettors as more entertaining than others. I think they generally can be amusing…Paddy Power in particular. One participant described how advertisements presented characters in a positive manner, suggesting that there could be success with gambling and minimizing potential risks.

Normalization of Betting The third sub-theme of promotion characteristics concerned normalization of betting. Many sports bettors commented on how prevalent and acceptable sports betting had become, especially in the context of football betting and that advertising has contributed to the normalization of gambling.

Making errors as an arber: In the excitement of the action and due to the high number of bets placed, it is not uncommon to make a mistake like traders on financial markets. For example, the appropriate stakes may be incorrectly calculated, or be placed on the wrong "legs" of the arb, locking in a loss, or there may be inadequate funds in one of the accounts to complete the arb. Those errors might temporarily have an important impact. In the long term, the benefit will depend on the odds.

For example, one could actually make more money by placing the "wrong" bet where the outcome happens to be beneficial, though not justified by the arbitrage calculation. However, repetition of this stroke of luck is unlikely, assuming the bookmaker has calculated the odds so they make a profit. Websites and bet placement interfaces differ between bookmakers, so that arbitrage bettors need to be familiar with different web interfaces.

In some sports different bookmakers deal with outcomes in different ways they differ in their handling of - for example - player withdrawal due to injury in tennis, overtime in ice hockey , meaning that both "legs" can lose. Matching terms for all bookmakers is time-consuming, requires expertise and experience, while still being fairly error-prone.

However, these are the leaders of the market and they can afford it. Most bookmakers try to discourage arbers usually by setting betting limits or by blocking their accounts. Many bookmakers use shared security servers in order to pinpoint people suspected of arbitrage betting. They can also limit stakes to make arbing unprofitable and close accounts without honoring a bet that was placed. Loss of deposited money into a bookmaker could occur. This usually leads to unprofitable arbing as the most successful bookmakers are so adept at identifying arbitrage bettors.

Stake reviewal: Some bookmakers used to accept only very small stakes by default, while requiring larger stakes to be manually reviewed before being accepted, which basically makes it difficult for an arbitrage better to determine if a leg was completely accepted or not, until it may be too late. Bet cancellation: If a bettor places bets so as to make an arbitrage and one bookmaker cancels a bet, the bettor could find himself in a bad position because he is actually betting with all the risks implied.

The bettor can repeat the bet that has been cancelled so as minimize the risk, but if he cannot get the same odds he had before he may be forced to take a loss. In some cases the situation arises when there are very high potential payouts by the bookmaker , perhaps due to an unintentional error made while quoting odds. Many jurisdictions allow bookmakers to cancel bets in the event of such a "palpable" ["obvious"] error in the quoted odds.

This is often loosely defined as an obvious mistake, but whether a "palp" in fact has been made is often the sole discretion of the bookmaker. Other potential problems include: Arbers' dedicated email addresses are subject to advertising campaigns from third parties which suggests that client data may be resold behind the scenes.

Bookmakers who encourage responsible gambling used to close accounts where they saw only large losses, unaware that the arbitrage trader has made wins at other books. Capital diffusion is serious; many bookmakers make it easy to deposit funds and difficult to withdraw them requiring much additional information, and documents as proof of identity, i. Making a return involves many bets spread over typically many bookmakers and keeping track requires good record-keeping and discipline.

Responding to an available arb may require transfer of funds from one bookmaker to another, through one or more e-wallet accounts with each withdrawal requiring special approval. While there are commercial software products and web services available to help with some of these tasks, they are complicated and may involve significant initial investments and monthly subscription fees.

Arbitrage bettors using software tools or web services to find arbitrages will often make an existing arbitrage even more prominent and obvious to the bookmaker because of the number of arbitrage bettors placing bets on the same outcome, so that the lifetime of an arbitrage found via such tools is often even much shorter than the average 15 minutes.

Thus, the risk of seeing bets revoked is also often much higher for arbitrages found via such tools than for arbitrages found manually, that are not shared with other arbitrage bettors. Arbing often involves making use of bookmaker bonuses which usually require substantial transactions before being eligible for withdrawal, thus reducing total liquidity. Foreign currency movements can wipe out small percentage gains and can make quick calculation of stakes difficult.

DAILY20PIP INDICATOR FOREX

There are easy step you must learn about sports betting which will give you the 7 steps to become successful. Winning sports betting depends upon enthusiasm, likewise gather information as almost as much ast you can about video game. You can equally subsequently compare your opinion to your oddsmakers. If too lots of money keeps growing the team the bookmaker will move the line or point spread to encourage bets on the other team in order to balance his book. Unlike a bookmaker, who commonly required to get both sides to gamblers, at a betting exchange we need to only lay, and not back this situation.

The odds must be in the ratio of minimum for that bet in order to worthwhile. Another factor that should be taken into mind is you will have a being furnished by way of commission into the sports-book. This ideally in order to a minimal percentage in the total value of the chances. Like I said before, excellent quality guide that help to understand they normally cost much more than the cheaper, harder ones. Regardless of the case, vegetables and fruit really check a sports betting guide if you need assistance identifying who will be a success.

It is far better and infinitely more profitable to place your entire daily wager amount on the game that has the best chance of paying out on any given day. Those are just a few of the fallacies that keep even the smartest bettors losing. With my top notch support, you are one click away from never having another losing year betting on sports. Once you accept fallacy as fact, the truth is lost along with any hope of winning. I have told you some of the fallacies that cause you to lose, and the Facts you should use to replace them.

The books have already done all of that work and they do it far better than you ever will. A statistical advantage on a bad bet will still lose money over the long term. I can assure you, based on their public picks, they are no better than you at picking games. What you do need is a little uncommon knowledge like …. A simple Basic Strategy that guarantees you have a monetary advantage on every bet. Where to find the advantage and why the books are forced to put it there.

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Most people will stick with a believable lie rather than accept they may have been given some bad information. And the saddest thing of all is that a lot people believe investing in themselves and their future is a waste of money. And I know how easy it is for me to teach someone like you to do just that.

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If you follow the Basic Strategy, there is no way to lose. And while everybody understands baseball, many people do not know anything about hockey. You see, the game with the books is the same, no matter who is playing or what sport they are playing.

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